Are you agree if I said the topic for today was quite fun?
we nod our head, show signage with fingers, shoulders, eyebrows, and most part of the body...
we explored the classic literature and asian literature as well.
so, why not share with us your research based on the question's today...
*ta-da*
Paralinguistics/Paralanguage/Non
verbal communication
1. What is
‘paralinguistics’/paralanguage?
2. How important is
non-verbal communication such as gestures,glances,tone of voice,dressing,etc?Is
it possible that we may be conveying the wrong message to someone?Can
miscommunication occur?
3. Are non verbal
communication culture bound?Give a few examples to show how certain
gestures,body language,etc can be offensive in some cultures.
4. Try this using a different
tone of voice each time,’I’m here…’explain the different messages conveyed
through the different tone of voice.
5. Proxemics –the distance
our bodies are.Is keeping to a certain distance important when communicating
with someone?When you are in the lift,do you tend to look down or look up at
the floor numbers?Why?
6. Culture-is this an
important factor when organizing space?How is office space usually arranged?
In class where does the lecturer usually stand or sit?What
does it mean?
7.Communicating with
clothes,tattoos,hairstyles…are these important?
8.Do men and women communicate
differently?Give examples and explain.
Note:
The
communication process is divided into 2.
a)language-speech
and writing
b)paralanguage-kinesics,tone
and character of voice,proxemics,clothing,makeup,etc.
2.Literature
a)The
term English literature refers to literature written in the English
language,including literature composed in English by writers not necessarily
from England;Joseph Conrad was Polish,Robert Burns was Scottish,James Joyce was
Irish,Dylan Thomas was Welsh,Edgar Allan Poe was American,Salman Rushdie is
Indian,V.S.Naipaul is Trinidadian.Can you think of others?
b)What
is literature?Why do we read it?Why is literature important?
Laymon- It was interesting to share the non-verbal communication among our classmates.I got to learn a sign language from our Arab friend.The awesome sign language that we use in KFC is different for their culture,according to her that sign reflects threat in for her culture.Besides that,i shared my own experience with my group members where i was hit by a special person(dumb) because i scratch my nose to him and for him that reflects bad word.Emmm, that a costly price for my verbal communication learning fee.
ReplyDeleteLaymon- interesting link about body language around the world
ReplyDeletehttp://youtu.be/fa_GCK-Czqs
Hmm,look at how much you've learnt through research and discussions....I'm sure all of you will be a little more cautious using non verbal communication the next time,hehehe,see what happened to him...
ReplyDeletelaymon- he is fine ma`am, I`m the want bleeding in my forehead.
DeleteHahaha,you guys are hilarious!!!
DeleteParalinguistics, refers to vocal communication that is separate from actual language. This includes factors such as tone of voice, loudness, inflection and pitch. Consider the powerful effect that tone of voice can have on the meaning of a sentence. When said in a strong tone of voice, listeners might interpret approval and enthusiasm. The same words said in a hesitant tone of voice might convey disapproval and a lack of interest.. :)
ReplyDeleteKamini,paralinguistics is not vocal communication.It refers to non verbal communication....
DeleteThis comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteParalinguistic are the aspects of spoken communication that do not involve words. These may add emphasis or shades of meaning to what people say. Some definitions limit this to verbal communication that is not words.For instance,body language, gestures, facial expressions, tone and pitch of voice are all examples of paralinguistic features. Thus,paralinguistic features of language are extremely important as they can change message completely. Tone and pitch of voice is commonly dealt with at all language levels, but a fuller consideration of paralinguistic is often left to very advanced courses.
ReplyDeleteWhat about literature?What's the importance of literature?
ReplyDeleteliterature is a term that commonly used to refer creative imagination like poetry, drama, fiction, and non-fiction...when we read literature elements we get to know many different cultures than ours....we get so involved into it and walk in their shoes...it also helps us to think creatively and imaginatively...sometimes we may also think out of the box....besides that we also can improve our grammar,spelling and vocabulary by reading literature pieces....mam,am i little bit right?
DeleteHEY GUYS SORY FOR D LATE REPLY... I SERIOUSLY HAD A FUN DISCUSSION FOR THIS TOPIC’S IN THE CLAS. IT WAS REALLY NICE AND INTERESTING TOPIC… LET’S HAVE FUN BY SHARING THE KNOWLEDGE..
ReplyDelete1. Paralinguistic or paralanguage is commonly known as a non verbal communication. It is also used as medium to convey messages to others. For an instance, these are the categories or some examples for paralinguistic’s; body gestures, pause, loudness, stress, intonation, facial expressions, eye contact, nods, body posture and extra in order to aid communication.
2. For sure, the importance of non verbal communication should take into consideration as it also helps to convey messages to others. It is because as you grow older, your facial expressions, gestures, eye contact and even your voice tone help you transfer messages to the speakers. Therefore, the way u speak, behave and even your dressing code will give an impression to others what kind of person who is. For example, you attend a meeting in your office. If you agree with the suggestions or ideas, your body posture will be erect and confident, or you may give the person a "thumbs up for approval.
Another example would be your voice intonation. If you disagree or argue with some statements there are chances for you to rise up your voice. Thus, its shows your anger to others and they might interpret it in wrong way. Not only that, it can also lead to miscommunication among them. Therefore, it is really important to for you how to react in public areas and so on. Especially, dressing code would be the best example in this discussion. For me, I will judge a person thoroughly by their dressing code. Although he was in good profession or even have a good manner, I won’t know that until he tell me. For sure, I’m going to evaluate him through the dressing code. if he wear “Hip Hop” materials it will give me a bad impressions. So, definitely there are chance to have a miscommunications.
3. Of course I believe that non verbal communication culture bound because some signs that we used to do in our country may not accepted in abroad. Therefore, it is important for us to know how to behave when give a visit to their place. For example in our culture: thumbs up” refers like “you have done a good or great job”. It is more likely to say express about good things. However, this same sign will be offensive to those people from Vietnam since it refers to “dog “in their culture. So, we should know whether it is acceptable or not in their culture when doing something.
4. hehehehhe… this question really test understanding a lot. I think it would be better for me to answer this question face to face to Ms Sarada rather than written form. I’ll try my best to explain it. Ok, I’m here… (In high pitch voice). It might something like “I have been waiting here for so long” and you guys don’t even bother me. If it was in (In low pitch voice), it maybe something like “hey guys, I just reach and what you guys are doing?” Therefore, it shows that your voice intonation is important when having a conversation with someone. It will reflect whether you are good condition or not.
ReplyDelete5. Proxemics is referring to the distance of our bodies when talking to someone either a well known person for u or a stranger. For me, I think we should maintain the distance when talking with someone especially strangers. Actually, it is really good if we follow this because it will help us to keep the limit with them. If you are too friendly or close with the strangers, they might take this as an advantage and misbehave with you. Not only that, people will respect you if you keep a distance with someone. For example, they might think that you are too social with everyone and may lead to bad impression among them.
6. Culture is one of the important factor in organizing space because it maybe offensive for some culture. This question really reminds me about school time. For example, for malay culture “the girls are not allowed to sit next to a guys in classroom an not even stand near to guys row during the assembly. Usually, girls will stand at the behind row or next row to guys. Usually, space in offices is considered when come to the part of arranging it. This can be seen through the “higher position” people cabins. Usually, their cabins are far from the normal people cabins since they have more responsibility and also private and confidential. Hahhahaha, in classroom usually teachers will be standing in front of the class and walked around during the lesson going on. It is basically shows that the teacher is the only person who have the power of controlling the class during the moment. It means that the full authority was given to the teacher or lecturer to conduct the class.
7. Yes it is important communicating with clothes, tattoos, hair style and extra. It is because it will give an impression for others about you. For example, a student went to school with his “tattoos”. This will reflect to others that this student is against the school rules. For definitely they will think that he is not a good boy because in our culture tattoos is something like negative or gangsterism. Let’s talk about a lecturer in university. How will you interpret your lectures if she came to class with sexy clothes and tattoos around body? I believe most of you will have a bad impression towards hers. It is because we have been brought up that a teacher is a person who is responsible, disciplined, and with good dressing code. Therefore, if they act opposite to this, it may give bad impression to us.
8. Of course, men and women communicate differently when having conversations. Men tend to speak loudly, while women whisper; men talk over each other, while women conspire behind each other’s backs; men hold back their feelings, while women lay them out to strangers they meet on the subway. Usually, women will talk a lot compare to men. Usually, women will have more body gestures and even their words are polite than men.
LITERATURE
ReplyDelete1. Sir Ahmed Salman Rushdie was born 19 June 1947. He is a British Indian novelist and essayist. His second novel, Midnight's Children (1981), won the Booker Prize in 1981. Much of his fiction is set on the Indian subcontinent. He is said to combine magical realism with historical fiction; his work is concerned with the many connections, disruptions and migrations between East and West.
Few other writers of English literature from India ;
A. K. Ramanujan (1929–1993), Indian poet, writer, academic, philologist, folklorist, translator, and playwright who wrote in English and Kannada.
Abhay K (born 1980), Poet, Diplomat, Writer and Artist.
Agha Shahid Ali (आगा शाहीद अली) (4 February 1949, New Delhi – 8 December 2001, Amherst, Massachusetts) Indian poet writing in English.
Amit Chaudhuri (born 1962), author and poet writing in English.
Arun Kolatkar (Marathi: अरुण बालकृष्ण कोलटकर, 1932–2004), Indian poet writings in English and Marathi.
Arvind Krishna Mehrotra (born 1947) Indian poet, anthologist, literary critic and translator writing in English.
Dilip Chitre (1938-2009) Indian poet writing in English and Marathi also a painter and film maker
2. Literature is known as written form and speech which is mostly focused on creative writing. Usually, it can be academic literature or scientific literature. Literature can be divided to poem, drama, short stories, myth, novel, folk tale, fiction, nonfiction and extra. Usually, we will read literature because the ideas that being presented by the writer will be in a creative way. He will use such a creative words and ideas to attract the readers. Not only that, importance of reading literature will help us to know about others culture. For example, if we read “An Arabian Literature” for sure in that book they will mention about their culture, living style, dressing and extra. Therefore, in directly it will help us to learn others culture.
1.Paralinguistic is known as non verbal communication which does not use words to communicate such as body language and wordless expression. Examples are smiling, gestures or body movements, laughing, and more specifically, English-language examples include "um," "erm", "aha," and "mm-hmm."
ReplyDelete2.Non-verbal communication is very important. This is because to show certain feelings expressions can be seen through non-verbal communication. Sometimes certain things can’t be explained through words but only by body language or facial expression. For example when you are very happy you jump, shout, laugh, smile even cry but you don’t explain how much happy you are. But sometimes there are possibilities we might convey a wrong message to people. For example when wanted somebody to pick things for you and you give instruction by eye movement the person never know what actually u trying to say. He/she might think that you are asking them to move behind or front. At this part miscommunication occurs.
3.Yes it is true certain non communications are culture bound. For example for the ‘thumbs up’ for us it means you have done a great job or very good, but for the Vietnamese it means ‘DOG’. Another example is the OK sign for many people it means ok or good or even superb but for the Arabians it means ‘I will pinch you or I will get you’. So in this case we must make sure the non-verbal communication that we use are relevant and does not bring a different meaning to others.
4.How do it reply this????hehehe :p
5.This is because sometimes when you are alone you tend to feel uneasy with the surroundings. For example in lift this is because you want to reach fast or uncomfortable with the people in the lift. And it is good to maintain distance because you never what the person beside might think about you. Sometimes that even can lead to bad impression on you. So it is better to maintain distance.
to be continued...hehehe
Deletefaster revatde thn only u will get pizza hahahaha
Deleteoiii rushen hahahaha..
Delete6. Culture is important in organizing space. In most of the places mostly offices we can see that the top peoples office will in top floor such as managing directors offices than comes the workers place. This important to show the authority holds by the each position. Example during our schooling time we can see in class sitting position whereby the boys are not allowed to sit beside the girls this also we call as culture. Not only that usually in class the teacher/lecturer stand in front of class that shows they have the authority in ruling the class.
Delete7. Yes it is important to communicate with clothes, tattoo, hair and others because all these above reflect what you are. If let say you are an army officer and u have long hair with color on it will definitely bring bad impression on you when Ur fellow mate see you. As army officer you have to be really neat and tidy and having long is against the rules.
8. Yes man and woman communicate differently. Woman usually thinks more than a time before the utter a word compare to man who usually speaks out what is in their mind. I did not say that mans do not think before the talk but usually they speak out what they think is right. Man usually speak loudly compare to woman. Man usually talk to them self but woman’s are very good at gossiping. Hehehe..
1) Paralinguistics are the aspects of spoken communication that do not involve words , example of paralinguistics are body language, gestures, facial expressions, tone and pitch of voice are all examples of paralinguistic features.
ReplyDelete2) Non verbal communication is important , because basicly I fill that non verbal communication is the one decide a persons personality for that moment, for example we can use high tone in library because that is wrong for do that, anothething is hand signs different country have different sign so if we use worng if will occur miscomunication .
3) Yes non verbal communication is cultre bound because , for example all of us doing peace sign rite ? but in egland peace sign is an insult , wayne rooney a football player get charged for u sing peace sign in the field. An insult largely restricted to Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Ireland and the United Kingdom.
4) What I understand in the word “im here is “ for example whn a husband come back from work he might tell “im here honey” to a wife tis way is romantic way . Then let say if people are seacrching us; where are u rushen ? im here guys , to tell that im here.
5) Proxemics is where we keep our distance to someone , normally we tink that they are strangers . For me it should be maintained because we can move away from real strangers , in lift normaly it happen we keep on playing our phone , seeing the number of floors .
6) Culture is important factor whn organizing the space, for example we cant touch a girl whn talk to them ,we must maintain our space that is malaysian culture . In office space normally arranged according to position, workers are all one department following by supervisor them manager. In the class the teacher or lect sit infront this shows that they are the leader n of the class , they wil run the class the class .
7) Communicating with clothes, tattos,hair style are all important. For example a police officer cant put tatoo this shws tat there is no self discpline himself, this goes to a lect or teacher they cant clour their hair or punk their hair and go to school because it will change their personality and whn people see thm they misjudge them.
8) Hahah madam this question , sure must give in debate thing. In my opinion women voice are soft and mens voice are hard thats the main tink, but what I know is women can do more than one work at the time because a woman brain has a ten per cent thicker connecting cord between the left and right lobes, and up to 30 per cent more connections. She can have a conversation on the telephone at the same time as cooking a new recipe and watching television. She can walk, talk and apply lipstick - all at the same time a lot of non verbal communication while men brains are compartmentalised. That's why they can only concentrate on one thing at a time.
are u sure of ur answer Mr Rushen?? :p
Deletewow rushen i love the answer for question 8.... awehsome..
Deletethx arvint and revatde im sure more thn u sure abt urself whn u give ans
DeleteHahaha,Rushen,so does that mean,men are more "stu..d' than women or to be more polite(using euphemism),women are a smart lot!!! LOL!
DeleteParalinguistic are aspects of spoken communication that do not involve words. These may add emphasis or shades of meaning to what people say. Some definitions limit this to verbal communication that is no words. Example of paralinguistic features are body language, gestures, facial expressions, tone and pitch of voice. Paralinguistic features of language are extremely important as they can change message completely. Tone and pitch of voice is commonly dealt with at all language levels, but a fuller consideration of paralinguistic is often left to very advanced courses.
ReplyDeleteAmir
ReplyDeleteJanice
Aina izyan
Hani ishak
Nabilah
Paralinguistics/paralanguage is a nonverbal communication that does not involve words. It is a medium for communication by means other than language. For examples face expression, intonation, body language, gestures. The ability to understand and use nonverbal communication is a powerful tool that can help you connect with others and express what you really mean. Paralinguistic features of language are extremely important as they can change message completely. Tone and pitch of voice is commonly dealt with at all language levels, but a fuller consideration of paralinguistics is often left to very advanced courses.
Verbal communication is important because we cannot use words in every situation, for example in library, we are prefer using verbal language instead of words. But sometimes there are possibilities we might convey a different message. For example when we meet someone in street we used to smile but some people might get it wrong by thinking that we are trying to seduce or interrupt.
A literature is a critical and in depth evaluation of previous research. It is a summary and synopsis of a particular area of research. Literature is important to us because it speaks to us, it is universal, and it affects us. Even when it is ugly, literature is beautiful. Literature is used to describe anything from creative writing to more technical or scientific works, but the term is most commonly used to refer to works of the creative imagination, including works of poetry, drama, fiction, and nonfiction.
Literature represents a language or a people: culture and tradition. But, literature is more important than just a historical or cultural artifact. Literature introduces us to new worlds of experience.
Importance of Literature
- Providing Perspective
When you read a piece of literature, you get to read about a life experience through the eyes of someone other than yourself. You get a new perspective and you get to walk in the shoes of a character whose life is different than your own.
- Offering Opportunities for Expression
we get the chance to tell our point of view on a topic. Writing literature offers opportunity to explore a time period, a life experience or an opinion while learning how to use the power of language.
- As a Form of Art
As your child reads and writes literature, point out the poetic devices employed and available for use. Show your child the difference between stating, "My day was good," and explaining in a detailed paragraph exactly what made his day good. Look for opportunities to showcase the power of the written word, how it can evoke emotion, draw a reader into a scenario or persuade a person to change an opinion on a topic.
hye evrybody.. ;)
ReplyDelete1. Paralanguage is made of sounds that sometimes do not have a written form (e.g., uh-huh means Yes or I'm listening to you). It is the non-verbal aspects of communication and is used to express emotion such as hand gestures, eye contact, touching, and many others.
2. Non verbal communication impressions are strong in our minds because we see body language as being very honest and not something someone would manipulate. It is easy to lie with words but, "bias leaks out easily in non-verbal behavior because evolution has programmed our feelings to show," as anthropologist David Givens writes. Yes, it can bring misunderstanding. Nonverbal communication is extremely culture-bound, opening up many opportunities for misunderstandings when people from different cultures are involved in an exchange. A single unit of nonverbal communication could have several different meanings depending on who is using it and who is interpreting it. So, when we are interacting with people from a different background, it is wise to gain an awareness of some of the basic nonverbal communication patterns in that culture. We should also be hasty to confirm and clarify rather than rely on your assumptions.
5. Proxemics measures how far apart people like to be when conducting different kinds of conversation in different situation. For an example, public territory which is not owned by us or people we trust, but it is neutral. This includes streets, parks and other public places. There may be threat or safety here, depending on the place and the time. So I believe that we need to maintain distance when communicating with others especially strangers because it is a way to avoid problem or bringing bad impression on us. Normally in a crowd or lift, people usually choose not to look at anyone in order to avoid feeling uncomfortably close.
1)
ReplyDelete• Anais Nin was a renowned writer who is famous for her journals written for a period spanning six decades. Some of her notable and popular works are "Delta of Venus", "Little Birds" and "Henry and June”.
• Joseph Rudyard Kipling was an English author, journalist and poet who wrote the famous fiction The Jungle Book. Born in the British India, Bombay, he worked in India with a much renowned newspaper The Pioneer, Allahabad before taking up writing as a profession.
2) Literature is a term used to describe written or spoken material. Broadly speaking, "literature" is used to describe anything from creative writing to more technical or scientific works, but the term is most commonly used to refer to works of the creative imagination, including works of poetry, drama, fiction, and nonfiction.
Literature actually represents a language or a people’s culture and tradition. But, literature is more important than just a historical or cultural artifact. Literature introduces us to new worlds of experience. When we learn about books and literature, we enjoy the comedies and the tragedies of poems, stories, and plays and we may even grow and evolve through our literary journey with books.
Ultimately, we may discover meaning in literature by looking at what the author says and how he/she says it. We may interpret the author's message. In academic circles, this decoding of the text is often carried out through the use of literary theory, using a mythological, sociological, psychological, historical, or other approach.
Whatever critical paradigm we use to discuss and analyze literature, there is still an artistic quality to the works. Literature is important to us because it speaks to us, it is universal, and it affects us. Even when it is ugly, literature is beautiful
PARALINGUISTIC
ReplyDeleteParalinguistic are the aspects of spoken communication that do not involve words. These may add emphasis or shades of meaning to what people say. Some definitions limit this to verbal communication that is not words. Examples: Body language, gestures, facial expressions, tone and pitch of voice.
IMPORTANCE
They can change a message completely. Tone and pitch of voice is commonly dealt with at all language levels, but a fuller consideration of paralinguistic is often left to very advanced courses.
Example;
He’s coming, isn’t he? (excited)
He’s coming, isn’t he? (disappointed)
DIFFERENCES
Culture has a huge impact on paralinguistic. How a certain hand gesture is used in different countries might mean different things. For example the usage of the middle finger in Malaysia as a sign of anger, so foreigners who are used to pointing with the middle finger towards something, doing it in Malaysia will be offensive.
PROXEMICS
Distance also play an important part in paralinguistic. By standing at a certain distance near someone, a message is indirectly conveyed. For example when we stand far apart from someone while looking down, it’s a sign that we do not want to have a conversation with the person.
APPEARANCE
This is also a form of paralinguistic. A person with tattoos and red hair are not normally said to be the kindest or nicest of the lot. Respect is often given instantaneously to them with a prim and proper, decent look.
8) Hey everybody, this is an interesting link about Gender differences.Please go ahead and read it.. http://www.helium.com/items/952930-gender-differences-evaluating-how-men-and-women-communicate
ReplyDeleteHELLO PPL :)
ReplyDeleteMy group members:
Kimberly
Jenny
Adam
Kim
1)Paralinguistic, it is a non-verbal communication, body language,gestures,eye contact and etc....
2)At times it makes the conversation more interesting. Moreover people even use to transmit hidden messages (eg: flirting,angry,etc).In this case, miscommunication can occur.(eg: If a men blinks his eye to a women she might get the wrong message)
3) Yes, non-verbal communication culture bounds. When a particular sign language has different meaning to people from different culture. (eg: Putting all the end of the 5 fingers together.
For Malaysians it means you want to eat.
For Italians it means "WHAT THE FUCK".
For Libyans it means "WAIT AWHILE!!!" )
4)'I'm here' could sound
a) with slow and emotionless [dragging]which means that the person is very tired, lazy and not willing to come.
b) with a high pitch which means that the person is excited, can't wait or angry.
c) with repetition which means that the person is trying to get attention or annoy someone.
5) Yes, because we want to be in a comfortable distance. (eg: When you are in the lift with a stranger you tend to look up or down because to avoid the awkward moment, because at times it could lead to a wrong signals if u give eye contact you may be robbed)
6) In the Japanese culture, the supervisor usually sit in the same space or the room with the workers. In Malaysia,most of the supervisors will have their personal office. Just that Japanese supervisors will have a bigger table, all the will sit in a row.
In class, lecturers sit or stand in front of the class. This is the division of space, the one with supervisor power will have a bigger table and a comfortable chair. This is because the space can indicate their power and their position in real life.
7)Yes, it is important. your clothes, tattoos and hairstyle reflect your identity. It delivers a message to others. As you are in a smart formal wear, people will think that you are a white-collar worker. Hence, they will respect you.If you put on a 'punk' hairstyle you are trying to be trendy and people will have low impression for the punk style it also delivers the message to others that you are not serious.
8) Yes, men prefers to have face to face conversations and maintain direct eye contact. Whereas, women converse standing side by side but close together. Mens don't like to have discussion around the bushes. It must be straightforward. Womens are more toward the soft side.
Tq thats all from us..... :)
Basically, paralanguage or paralinguistic refers to non verbal aspects of communication. It is the set of non-phonemic properties. For instance, body languages, facial expression, tone, pitch and eye movements.
ReplyDeleteLiterature refers to written works considered of lasting artistic literature used to describe anything from creative writing. Literature plays a crucial role, it helps to understand and make sense of the world around us. Through literature, we explore human condition and analyze how people think. Literature enables us to develop our minds analytically and promotes open minds.
What about oral literature?Is it important?Give examples of oral literature .
ReplyDeleteGEETHA NAIR...
Delete*Para-linguistics are the nonverbal aspects of communications in different languages, such as body language and wordless expression. Examples are smiling, gestures or body movements, laughing, and more specifically, English-language examples include "um," "erm", "aha," and "mm-hmm."
Linguists generally define paralanguage as features of language (particularly of speech) which are combined with words to create additional meaning, such as intonation, pitch, tempo and tone. In face-to-face conversation, or in a stage production, visual non-linguistic features such as gesture, facial expression or movement may also be included in paralanguage.
It might be assumed that paralinguistic features do not occur in written texts. But literature and poetry are in fact perfectly capable of utilising paralinguistic signs, and semiotics gives us a way of analysing these. Some authors play very creatively with letterforms, layout of words on the page, and different typefaces to creative effect, and such play can be highly motivated and meaningful.
*Literature may comprise of texts based on factual information (journalistic or non-fiction), as well as on original imagination, such as polemical works as well asautobiography, and reflective essays as well as belles-lettres. Literatures can be divided according to historical periods, genres, and political influences. The concept of genre, which earlier was limited, has now broadened over the centuries. A genre consists of artistic works which fall within a certain central theme, and examples of genre include romance, mystery, crime, fantasy, erotica, and adventure, among others. Important historical periods include the 17th Century Shakespearean and Elizabethan times, Middle English, Old English, 19th Century Victorian, the Renaissance, the 18th Century Restoration, and 20th Century Modernism. Important political movements that have influenced literature include feminism, post-colonialism, psychoanalysis, post-structuralism, post-modernism, romanticism andMarxism. Literature is also observed in terms of gender, race and nationality, which include Black writing in America, African writing, Indian writing, Dalit writing, women's writing, and so on.
1. What is ‘paralinguistics’/paralanguage?
ReplyDeleteParalinguistics refers to vocal communication that is separate from language. It includes tone of voice, loudness, inflection and pitch. For example, the effect that tone of voice can have on the meaning of a sentence. A strong tone of voice, might convey approval to the listeners might. The same words said in a hesitant tone of voice might convey disapproval and a lack of interest.
2. How important is non-verbal communication such as gestures,glances,tone of voice,dressing,etc?Is it possible that we may be conveying the wrong message to someone?Can miscommunication occur?
Yes it is, because by the non-verbal communication we can predict about the person before start talk to them. For example , strong handshake immediately makes me assume that the person is very confident,self assured,focused,serious .Sometime it also convey the wrong massage , for example, if I meet an individual with a limp, handshake . I’ll automatically predict that the person might be insecure,intimidated,lacking in determination and weak in personality. Most of the time it will be wrong. Yes can in non-verbal communication misunderstanding can happen .. for example, as I said with a gestures, glance , voice we might predict about a person and have a bad thought on them.. This can cause barrier in communication .
3. Are non verbal communication culture bound?Give a few examples to show how certain gestures,body language,etc can be offensive in some cultures.
Yes it is culture bound , for example Dressing. In Islam girls should wear something that cover their whole body. This make the girls to be respected by the man’s .
4. Try this using a different tone of voice each time,’I’m here…’explain the different messages conveyed through the different tone of voice.
a)High pitch with a smile “I’m here” says that the person is there with happy mood !
b) Low pitch “I’m here” says that disappointment, sad and etc .
5. Proxemics –the distance our bodies are. Is keeping to a certain distance important when communicating with someone ?When you are in the lift, do you tend to look down or look up at the floor numbers ?Why?
Yes It is important to keep distance when communicating with someone. When im in the lift, I tend to look down because I feel shy to look at the person besides me and also if I look down people will not talk to me in the close distance . I can easily avoid that..:P
6. Culture-is this an important factor when organizing space?How is office space usually arranged?
In class where does the lecturer usually stand or sit?What does it mean? Yes culture is important in organizing space because it can discipline human. This is because, some people are very massy. By organizing it will make the space look need .
Usually an office arranged by placing the higher position person in a room and other in a open space. Usually a lecture sit at the front of the class. This show that he/she has power to control the students and he/she lead the classroom .
7.Communicating with clothes,tattoos,hairstyles…are these important?
Yes it’s important , because clothes, tattoos, hairstyles can make a person judge on us. For example, If a teacher come to class with short skirt and tight sleeveless top and also tattoos on her body, This will never portrait her as teacher. That why communicating with clothest, tattoos are important .
8.Do men and women communicate differently?Give examples and explain.
Yes they are, we can see that from the gestures in communicating with same and opposite gender . For example, If a men speak to a girl, they tent to soft and polite. This shows that they are giving giving respect to the girls. Beside, the distance will be far compare to same gander. Usually, If a woman in love the don’t give eye contact to the men , but men they do give eye contact but they tend to get nervous and mumble most of the time. Hahahahaha..
hye friends!
ReplyDeletesory for the late feedback from our group...
upon hearing the word literature, what comes into your mind??
sure it will be the Shakespeare right??
definitely every English students would be familiar with some of his works such as the famous Sonnet 18, a comedy of A Midsummer Night's Dream, Hamlet as well as Romeo and Juliet.
literature can be defined as a medium of expressing thoughts and opinions in the form of poems, songs, dramas as well as short stories. Literature had already existed since the Old English period where the poems and short stories at that time were written using Old English language. For example, "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" which is taken from the first line of the poem entitled Sonnet 18.
During the middle English language, the famous literature works are The Canterbury Tales as well as The Book of Dutchess by Goeffrey Chaucer.
Then, for modern English Literature, there are quite a number of works done by many poets and writers. The poems, short stories and also the novels that we read today are the examples of modern English literature.
Literature is important to share the events or stories that had happened once ago. By reading the old English literature, we would have a knowledge about their culture, what they practice at that time as well as their life. Without the written pieces of the old english literature, maybe it would never come to our information that the older English language is totally different from the modern English that we are using nowadays.
Therefore, literature plays a big role in our life which enables us to explore the uniqueness of each literature in each period of time.
group members:
rosnina mohamad razali
malisa idrus
nishalny subramaniam
falourey kuppusamy
sorry guys, wrong fact about Shakespeare in the last post.
DeleteShakespeare is not the Old English poet. during his time,English had already well-established. Shakespeare is the poet during Modern English literature era. There are still the usage of some unfamiliar words during the early modern english literature, so it can be the reason why some of his works got old English words also.
awesome :) very simple and informative.Thanks for the info.i was actually doing my final exam preparation.i love your piece
Deletethanx dear!... i will explain more in class next week during our re-do presentation. So u will understand overall bout diz in just 10-15 minutes as i have make it as simple as possible for u guys to remember....hope that will help u guys for the final preparation...:-)
DeleteWhat is paralinguistic: it is sending and receiving messages in a variety of ways without the use of verbal codes (words). It is both intentional and unintentional. Most speakers or listeners are not conscious of this. It includes,but is not limited to:Touch,glance,eye contact(gaze),volume,vocal,nuance,proximity,gestures,facial,expression,intonation,dress,posture,smell,word choice and syntax,sounds (paralanguage).These are some of it and ,from the above list, I found few interesting information.
ReplyDelete• Posture
*Consider the following actions and note cultural differences:
◦ Bowing (not done, criticized, or affected in US; shows rank in Japan)
◦ Slouching (rude in most Northern European areas)
◦ Hands in pocket (disrespectful in Turkey)
◦ Sitting with legs crossed (offensive in Ghana, Turkey)
◦ Showing soles of feet. (Offensive in Thailand, Saudi Arabia)
◦ Even in US, there is a gender difference on acceptable posture?
Gestures
• Impossible to catalog them all.
• Even simple things like using hands to point and count differ.
• Pointing : US with index finger; Germany with little finger; Japanese with entire hand (in fact most Asians consider pointing with index finger to be rude) Counting: Thumb = 1 in Germany, 5 in Japan, middle finger for 1 in Indonesia.
Facial Expressions
While some say that facial expressions are identical, meaning attached to them differs. Majority opinion is that these do have similar meanings world-wide with respect to smiling, crying, or showing anger, sorrow, or disgust. However, the intensity varies from culture to culture. Note the following:
• Many Asian cultures suppress facial expression as much as possible.
• Many Mediterranean (Latino / Arabic) cultures exaggerate grief or sadness while most American men hide grief or sorrow.
• Some see “animated” expressions as a sign of a lack of control.
• Too much smiling is viewed in as a sign of shallowness.
• Women smile more than men.
Why is non-verbal communication important?
Basically, it is one of the key aspects of communication (and especially important in a high-context culture). It has multiple functions:
• Used to repeat the verbal message (e.g. point in a direction while stating directions.
• Often used to accent a verbal message. (e.g. verbal tone indicates the actual meaning of the specific words).
• Often complement the verbal message but also may contradict. E.g.: a nod reinforces a positive message (among Americans); a “wink” may contradict a stated positive message.
• Regulate interactions (non-verbal cues covey when the other person should speak or not speak).
May substitute for the verbal message (especially if it is blocked by noise, interruption, etc) — i.e. gestures (finger to lips to indicate need for quiet), facial expressions (i.e. a nod instead of a yes).
Consider human face,expression like scouls,smiles,look of shock are all almost completely cross cultural.You can be dropped in most,any part of the world without the benefit of knowing the language and communicate basic thoughts.Even silence is a form of paralinguistic.Remaining silent can be an effective way to get someone to reval something.A constant,intense stare can be more intidimating than angry words.Like the proverb, “Actions speak louder than words.” In essence, this underscores the importance of non-verbal communication. Non-verbal communication is especially significant in intercultural situations. Probably non-verbal differences account for typical difficulties in communicating.
* man and woman has got different way of speaking.Woman maintains rapport talk,what they think is,talk is a glue that hold relationship together. Man on the other hand maintain report talk.Man use language to gain upper-hand in conversation.This is by a research done ny Deborah Tannen.
I'm sorry for the Delay in Updating my groups Answer Blog. I would like to apologize for the inconvience caused. These are Our answers for the Following questions;
ReplyDelete1. What is ‘paralinguistics’/paralanguage?
Para language refers to the non-verbal elements of communication which is used to modify the meaning and convey emotion.It can be expressed consciously or unconsciously which includes the pitch, volume, and, in some cases, intonation of speech.It is known as para-linguistics.
Which is the term 'paralanguage' should not be confused with kinetics, or the study of body language. While kinetics is non-linguistic, which states as it is not necessarily related to vocal or written language which is refereed by Wikipedia. The para linguistic properties of speech plays an important role in human speech communication whereby there are no utterances or speech signals that lack paralinguistic properties, since speech requires the presence of a voice that can be modulated.
2.How important is non-verbal communication such as gestures,glances,tone of voice,dressing,etc?Is it possible that we may be conveying the wrong message to someone?Can miscommunication occur?
Non verbal communication is important in our daily life because sometimes when we have difficulties in communicating with different language speakers, their gestures and body language can be easily understood. But sometimes we should be careful in conveying messages because the message that we convey could be misunderstood wrongly and miscommunication can occur.
3. Are non verbal communication culture bound?Give a few examples to show how certain gestures,body language,etc can be offensive in some cultures.
Yes, Non verbal communication has culture bound. For instance walking into the house with the shoes on is a NO NO in asian countries where else in European countries they are allowed to wear in the shoes. In indian culture it means it brings bad luck along into the house wherelese in Europe it's due to the cold weather they tend to wear shoes to keep them warm.
4. Try this using a different tone of voice each time,’I’m here…’explain the different messages conveyed through the different tone of voice.
There are different tone of voice in each TIme when we use I'm here, for instance;
When your with a group of friends and suddenly you jump into a conversation and say "I'm here" with a Loud and hyper voice shows that your Excitedly there. Where else when someone is calling your name so many times again and again till you get pissed and you tend to say "i'm here" with a loud and harsh tone says that your angry.
5. Proxemics –the distance our bodies are.Is keeping to a certain distance important when communicating with someone?When you are in the lift,do you tend to look down or look up at the floor numbers?Why?
It is good to keep distance when communicating with some people because there are some people we might be aware from strangers that we might not know of. For instance when i'm in the lift I tend to look around to see who is around me and then look down. But most of the time I will be looking around instead of up and down because in the life there will be some people I might know and I'd start having conversation with. It's basically My habit :)
continuation of the answer;
ReplyDelete6. Culture-is this an important factor when organizing space?How is office space usually arranged?
In class where does the lecturer usually stand or sit?What does it mean?
Well In my aspect culture is important in organizing space because it helps people to be well arranged and organized in life. Based on office arrangements, it is arranged according to the higher people in charge then is followed by the workers and sub workers for example the bosses and the secretary have their own room space and the other crew workers have their open working space together in one big space. In the classroom arrangements, the lecturer usually stands in front of the classroom and conducts their class, but some lecturers prefers to be walking around so that it would be easier to mingle around. Usually, this means that the lecturer is the main person in the classroom that quietly states that the person is in charge of everyone.
7.Communicating with clothes,tattoos,hairstyles…are these important?
Based on clothing, tattoos, hairstyles in communicating, I think it is important so that it would show the real culture in them . For instance when you walk into a Posh restaurant wearing a Short pants, a Singlet and A pair of Flip Flops portraits that the person is very slack and not inappropriate for the restaurant image.
8.Do men and women communicate differently?Give examples and explain.
Yes I got to agree that man and women can communicate differently , For instance when a girl communicate to a girl she tends to talk so hyper, fast and would be talking for long hours, where else when a guy communicate to another guy he tends to be the same, Loud and hyper within their own gender. But when A guy and a girl speaks with one another they tend to be polite and softly spoken with each other. Like for instance, When A girl is interested with a guy she tends to talk to him in a very soft manner and will be shy shy expressing her words as well of being nervous. THAT'S A WOMEN NATURE NATURALLY :) haha
This answers are also contributed by
Falourey Kuppusamy
Rosnina
Nishalny
Malisa
iterature is for learning how to read, write, spell, and sometimes talk.
ReplyDeleteLiterature is writing which is considered to be a work of art and includes poetry, novels and plays.
Literature also refers to a printed piece of writing on a particular subject.
Literacy is the ability to read and write or to be literate.
Literate is being able to read and write
Literary means of or concerned with literature.
Literature is the art of written works.
literature is important because ,literature is the window into history, and It gives the readers something to laugh or be shocked about.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HZSoHnzg3tk
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=neRyi3i3K20&feature=related
GEETHA NAIR...
DeleteContinuation of my answers above..
2. How important is non-verbal communication such as gestures,glances,tone of voice,dressing,etc?Is it possible that we may be conveying the wrong message to someone?Can miscommunication occur?
Nonverbal communication, or body language, is a vital form of communication—a natural, unconscious language that broadcasts our true feelings and intentions in any given moment, and clues us in to the feelings and intentions of those around us.
When we interact with others, we continuously give and receive wordless signals. All of our nonverbal behaviors—the gestures we make, the way we sit, how fast or how loud we talk, how close we stand, how much eye contact we make—send strong messages. These messages don’t stop when you stop speaking either. Even when you’re silent, you’re still communicating nonverbally.
Oftentimes, what we say and what we communicate through body language are two totally different things. When faced with these mixed signals, the listener has to choose whether to believe your verbal or nonverbal message, and, in most cases, they’re going to choose nonverbal
There is no chances for miscommunication occur during non-verbal communication, consequently, it helps to overcome things happen through verbal communication, such as
*Repetition: they can repeat the message the person is making verbally
*Contradiction: they can contradict a message the individual is trying to convey
*Substitution: they can substitute for a verbal message. For example, a person's eyes can often convey a far more vivid message than words and often do
*Complementing: they may add to or complement a verbal message. A boss who pats a person on the back in addition to giving praise can increase the impact of the message
*Accenting: they may accent or underline a verbal message. Pounding the table, for example, can underline a message.
Paralanguage basically explains about the properties of a speech. It is the element of the non-verbal communication. It also has the tendency of conveying the mood of the emotion of the speakers. The pitch or tone during our communication could actually express our mood that time wheather we are happy,exicited,angry,and more. At times we would simply mean certain issues in different angle but our speech or tone would simply convey it in diiferently.
Delete2) Non-verbal communication is a medium of communication that we use witout the usage of word. Normally w tend to use body gestures, sign languages, eye contact to convey certain messages. This could be due the situation. Besides that, dressing according to the ethic or dressing code is also very important as the wrong code could simply convey a different or the wrong message. For an example when we are attending an Indian wedding it is very oddful to wear denim skirt with a t-shirt especially being a member of the culture. Hence the tendcy of conveying a wrong message is very high in non-verbal communication. This is because certain gestures simply means different in another culture. Thus the tendency of understanding it in a wrong context especially communicating with people from a different culture is very high.
Hello everyone and miss sarada, sorry for the late reply on this topic, however i did some research and this is what i understand, Paralinguistic’s is concerned with how words are spoken, example. the volume, the intonation, the speed etc.. In intercultural communication paralinguistic c differences can be responsible for , mostly subconscious or stereotyped, confusion.
ReplyDeleteFor example the notion that Americans are talking "too loud" is often interpreted in Europe as aggressive behaviour or can be seen as a sign of uncultivated or tactless behaviour.
The speed of talking equally is different in various cultural settings. For example Finnish is spoken relatively slowly in comparison to other European languages. This form of speaking has often resulted in the Finish as being regarded somewhat 'slow' and lax.
And the importance of non-verbal communication is that the majority of our feelings and intentions are sent through non-verbal communication. Moreover we tend to search for signals when verbal messages are unclear or ambiguous.
Some signals are consistent across cultures. To a certain degree this is good news coz if we do not speak the foreign language, we can still communicate with people of another country by using body language and facial expressions.
hi
ReplyDeleteparalinguistic? paralinguistic is the non verbal communication which is the communication that not use words to communicate..paralinguistic refer to use body language,expression etc.
the importance of non verbal is for me very important because sometimes we do not need to use words to convey the message as an example when we were eating and someone asked when we were eating, it is better to use non-verbal communication such as a token nod in agreement.
Communicating with clothes,tattoos,hairstyles…are these important?~yes in my opinion the display style of a person's character and may improve self-confidence when communicating, for example when a teacher wanted to teach at the school, the appearance is very important teachers in imparting knowledge. if students do not see the appearance of the teacher as a teacher so it is very difficult for a student to respect the teacher. sometimes a person will become more confident when their friends praised his hair style. This will increase the confidence of a person ..
1.Paralinguistics refers to thenon verbal communication used to express and convey meaning. it can come in the fo rm of vocal effects (for example 'tsk' which usually implies disapproval) , gesture, body language or facial expression.
ReplyDelete2. non-verbal communication is vitally important especially in today's world, because certain gestures in one culture can mean something another's so to answer your question ms i think it is likely miscommunication can/will occur.
3.Someone mentioned Wayne Rooney's V finger gesture which i feel is an easy example to remember , another sporting example i can think of is Paolo Dicanio's Hitler's salute in most part of the world it may not mean anything but in most European countries it means racism.
4.a simple 'im here' could indicate that someone is present. like a student in a class room. 'im here!!'could indicate someone who is annoyed or angry after constant repetitive questions or someone who is excited after a long time away from home and family.
5.Proxemics is when there is spatial distances between individuals, i feel there is unspoken rule to not speak in the lift especially when you are surrounded by strangers, it is likely it might be influence by sociological factors, we do not want to say something that might might offend someone or be judged so it is better to look down and wait for the door to slide open.
6.yes Culture-is an important factor when organizing space,we can see the traditional setting of a classroom where the teachers desk is at the front and the students lined up in rows and columns,and at the office conference room the boss sits at the head of the table where he can overlook by his employees.
7.definitely yes it is important because it displays one's
profession, principles and image, a doctor doesnt go to a hospital looking like a tatoo artist or a punk rocker.how can the doctor convince his patient of his validity if he looks unprofessional.image is very important in culture.
8.yes they do. men are generally more aggressive then women in the way they talk, men are more commanding 'give me that' and men usually word such as 'i''me' where as women are more polite for example 'may i have one' and are more selfless preferring to share.
Paralinguistics/Paralanguage/Non verbal communication
ReplyDelete1. What is ‘paralinguistics’/paralanguage?
Para-linguistics are the nonverbal aspects of communications in different languages, such as body language and wordless expression. Examples are smiling,gestures or body movements, laughing, and more specifically, English-language examples include "um," "erm", "aha," and "mm-hmm."
2. How important is non-verbal communication such as gestures,glances,tone of voice,dressing,etc?Is it possible that we may be conveying the wrong message to someone?Can miscommunication occur?
Yes non-verbal communication is important because by that we able to convey message although we didn’t spoke out. Sometimes non-verbal communication may occur miscommunication between the communicators. For example, lets say that we going to an interview by wearing casual dressing code rather than wearing formal dress code. So the dress that we wear are not suits for the situation or environment which we participating.Therefore the employee or the person incharged of the interview session will have a bad impression on to us.So the dressing style plays a major role in non-verbal communication.
3. Are non verbal communication culture bound?Give a few examples to show how certain gestures,body language,etc can be offensive in some cultures.
In my opinion, I believe that non verbal communication culture bound because some signs that we used to do in our country may not accepted in other countries. Therefore, it is important for us to know how to behave when give a visit to other country. For example in our culture: thumbs up” refers like “you have done a good or great job”. It is more to say about good things. However, this same sign will be offensive to those people from Vietnam since it refers to “dog “in their culture. So, we should know whether the sign which we use is acceptable or not in their culture.
4. Try this using a different tone of voice each time,’I’m here…’explain the different messages conveyed through the different tone of voice.
’I’m here!!!!!!!!!! (angry)
’I’M HERE……..(frustrated)
’I’m here… (patience)
6. Culture-is this an important factor when organizing space?How is office space usually arranged?
In class where does the lecturer usually stand or sit?What does it mean?
Culture is important in organizing space. In most of the places mostly offices we can see that the top peoples office will in top floor such as managing directors offices than comes the workers place. This important to show the authority holds by the each position. Example during our schooling time we can see in class sitting position whereby the boys are not allowed to sit beside the girls this also we call as culture. Not only that usually in class the teacher/lecturer stand in front of class that shows they have the rights in ruling the class
7.Communicating with clothes,tattoos,hairstyles…are these important?
Yes communicating with clothes, tattoo, hairstyle are important because it will determine the person’s assumption.For example, as a teacher they can’t coloured the hair or fashionable their hairstyle. It will make the student to feel weird by looking at them.So the students don’t have the feel to respect the teacher.
8.Do men and women communicate differently?Give examples and explain.
ReplyDeleteYes men communicate differently compare with women. This is because most of the women communicate with their facial expression and commonly they will shake their head during their communication but men won’t do this kind of matter because they don’t expose their excitement as women.Basically men communicate as open as they can compare to women.They will communicate without censoring any thing but women will try to hide the censor issue rather speak out.
2.Literature
b)What is literature?Why do we read it?Why is literature important?
Literature is a writing based on the writer’s imagination and creativity. We read literature to understand the events which go through the period of time and teach many things such as values,norm. Actually yes I agree that literature is important because we may understand many matter through the writing and understand what actually the writer expose.